Adult-onset Type II Citrullinemia Developed under Dietary Restrictions during Imprisonment.

A 29-year-old man presented with liver damage, and a liver biopsy was performed, but the cause was unclear. Thereafter, he was referred to our hospital. We found that he had been unable to consume carbohydrates in his diet and preferred fried chicken since childhood. In addition, he had shown disturbance of consciousness and abnormal behavior while he had been in prison, where dietary intake had been restricted. A plasma amino acid analysis revealed hypercitrullinemia. Therefore, we suspected adult-onset type II citrullinemia (CTLN2). Genetic testing showed pathologic variations in the SLC25A13 gene, which allowed us to make a definite diagnosis of CTLN2.

Model retraining and information sharing in a supply chain with long-term fluctuating demands.

Demand forecasting based on empirical data is a viable approach for optimizing a supply chain. However, in this approach, a model constructed from past data occasionally becomes outdated due to long-term changes in the environment, in which case the model should be updated (i.e., retrained) using the latest data. In this study, we examine the effects of updating models in a supply chain using a minimal setting. We demonstrate that when each party in the supply chain has its own forecasting model, uncoordinated model retraining causes the bullwhip effect even if a very simple replenishment policy is applied. Our results also indicate that sharing the forecasting model among the parties involved significantly reduces the bullwhip effect.